Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?

Xuất bản: 29/05/2024 - Cập nhật: 29/05/2024 - Tác giả: Chu Huyền

Câu Hỏi:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 22 to 28.
The old adage 'practice makes perfect' has taken on special significance in recent times. Its message is simple: if you do something over and over again, then your performance will improve. Although often applied to music and sports - both of which are areas in which the necessity to practice is self- evident - the value of practice in other areas of life should not be underestimated. In fact, studies seem to indicate that practice (or experience) plays a greater role in success than natural talent, if such a thing exists.
Studies have demonstrated that high achievers are in fact no more gifted or intelligent than their contemporaries; rather, the difference lies in the amount of practice they put in. In the 1980s, Benjamin Bloom, a professor of education at the University of Chicago, conducted an investigation into the factors that had led to people excelling in different fields. He concluded that there was nothing in the early childhoods of these high achievers that could have predicted their later success. The subjects of his research did, however, have certain features in common, namely, that they all had dedicated teachers and supportive families, and they had all put in intensive practice.
K. Anders Ericsson, a professor of Psychology at Florida State University, who has carried out research spanning more than two decades into giftedness, expertise, and the benefits of practice, concludes that experts are invariably made, and not born. However, Ericsson's research has also indicated that what counts is not just the amount of practice a person puts in, but rather, the way in which they practise. If a person believes that it takes real talent to excel in a certain area, then they are likely to doubt their own ability to improve sufficiently to compete with others, and as a result, may give up trying. Conversely, the person who can learn from their mistakes, and believes that they have the capacity to improve, is more likely to succeed.
In other words, experience really does count. Or as another old adage puts it, 'nothing succeeds like success'. The key to success is motivation and an understanding that practice really does makeperfect.
(Adapted from Global)

Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage?

Đáp án và lời giải

đáp án đúng: B

A. “[…] why natural ability was important” -> Không phù hợp. Theo đoạn 1: practice or experience plays a greater role in success than natural talent” (thực hành hoặc kinh nghiệm đóng vai trò lớn hơn trong thành công so với tài năng thiên bẩm)

C. “Participants… all born in rich families” -> Không chính xác vì người tham gia thí nghiệm của Bloom có gia đình ủng hộ, không phải gia đình giàu có. Theo đoạn 2: “they all had dedicated teachers and supportive families” (tất cả họ đều có những giáo viên tận tâm và những gia đình luôn ủng hộ)

D. “[…] are certain to excel in their fields” -> Không chính xác. Những người học hỏi từ lỗi lầm có khả năng thành công cao, chứ không khẳng định họ chắc chắn sẽ thành công. Theo đoạn 3: Conversely, the person who can learn from their mistakes, and believes that they have the capacity to improve, is more likely to succeed. (Ngược lại, người có thể học hỏi từ những sai lầm của mình và tin rằng mình có khả năng cải thiện thì có nhiều khả năng thành công hơn.)

=> Đáp án là: B. You can really achieve expertise in a certain area if you do your work regularly.

Chu Huyền (Tổng hợp)

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