Xuất bản: 29/05/2024 - Cập nhật: 29/05/2024 - Tác giả: Chu Huyền
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 22 to 28.
The old adage 'practice makes perfect' has taken on special significance in recent times. Its message is simple: if you do something over and over again, then your performance will improve. Although often applied to music and sports - both of which are areas in which the necessity to practice is self- evident - the value of practice in other areas of life should not be underestimated. In fact, studies seem to indicate that practice (or experience) plays a greater role in success than natural talent, if such a thing exists.
Studies have demonstrated that high achievers are in fact no more gifted or intelligent than their contemporaries; rather, the difference lies in the amount of practice they put in. In the 1980s, Benjamin Bloom, a professor of education at the University of Chicago, conducted an investigation into the factors that had led to people excelling in different fields. He concluded that there was nothing in the early childhoods of these high achievers that could have predicted their later success. The subjects of his research did, however, have certain features in common, namely, that they all had dedicated teachers and supportive families, and they had all put in intensive practice.
K. Anders Ericsson, a professor of Psychology at Florida State University, who has carried out research spanning more than two decades into giftedness, expertise, and the benefits of practice, concludes that experts are invariably made, and not born. However, Ericsson's research has also indicated that what counts is not just the amount of practice a person puts in, but rather, the way in which they practise. If a person believes that it takes real talent to excel in a certain area, then they are likely to doubt their own ability to improve sufficiently to compete with others, and as a result, may give up trying. Conversely, the person who can learn from their mistakes, and believes that they have the capacity to improve, is more likely to succeed.
In other words, experience really does count. Or as another old adage puts it, 'nothing succeeds like success'. The key to success is motivation and an understanding that practice really does makeperfect.
(Adapted from Global)
The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to .
“They” (Họ) ở đây chỉ A. High achievers (những người thành đạt), chỉ ra rằng sự thành công của họ nhiều hơn là do luyện tập chứ không phải tài năng bẩm sinh.
Đoạn 2:
Studies have demonstrated that high achievers are in fact no more gifted or intelligent than their ontemporaries; rather, the difference lies in the amount of practice they put in.
